Istraživanje mogućnosti primjene ultrazvuka pri močenju lana

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Investigation of the possibility of applying ultrasound to flax retting
• Author: Josip Ramljak
• Mentor: Ružica Brunšek (mentor)
• Committee member: Branka Vojnović (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ružica Brunšek (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Sanja Ercegović Ražić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Textile Technology; (Department of Textile Chemistry and Ecology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-09-30, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Textile Technology; Textile Chemistry

Abstract

Močenje je postupak uklanjanja pektina (vanjskog i unutarnjeg) iz stabljike , s namjerom izdvajanja snopića vlakana. Proces močenja se zasniva na različitoj otpornosti pektina i celuloze na mikroorganizme i kemijske reagense. Pektinske tvari su daleko manje otporne na takve utjecaje od celuloze. Ovisno o odabranoj vrsti procesa otpadne vode sadrže veću ili manju količinu otopljenih organskih tvari. U ovome radu ispitivana je mogućnost primjene ultrazvuka pri močenju lana, te određivanje kvalitete otpadnih voda nakon močenja. Uzeta su tri različita kultivara za močenje, te su močeni na tradicionalni način i primjenom ultrazvuka. Nakon močenja i sušenja pomoću valjkaste lomilice odvojen je drvenasti dio stabljike te je predivi lan prerađen u vlakno. Sva istraživanja su provedena na uzorcima tehničkih lanenih vlakana. Uzorcima je ispitivana duljina, finoća i čvrstoća. Zatim smo analizirali otpadne vode gdje su određeni UV/vis spektri, konduktivnost, pH i isprani ostatak otpadnih voda dobivenih različitim metodama močenja. Nakon analize i obrade podataka vidljivo je kako vlakna močena sa ultrazvukom su malo grublja i slabija, ali otpadne vode od ove metode su ekološki prihvatljive.

Abstract (english)

Retting is the process of removing pectin (external and internal) from the stem, with the intention of separating the bundles of fibres. The Retting process is based on the different resistance of pectin and cellulose to microorganisms and chemical reagents. Pectic substances are far less resistant to the those kind of effects then cellulose. Depending on the type of process chosen, wastewater has higher or lower amounts of dissolved organic matter. In this paper, we explore the possibility of using ultrasound in flax retting and we then determine the quality of the wastewater after the retting. Three different cultivars were taken for retting, and these were retted in the traditional way and also using ultrasound. After retting and drying with a roller grinder, the woody part of the stem was separated and the yarn was turned into fibre. All investigations were performed on samples of technical flax fibres. The samples were tested for their length, fineness and strength. We then analysed the wastewater where we measured the UV / vis spectra, conductivity, pH, and washed wastewater residues for the two different retting methods. After analysing and processing the data, it is evident that the fibres retted with ultrasound are slightly coarser and weaker, but the wastewater from these methods is environmentally friendly.

• Keywords: močenje; pektin; čvrstoća; finoća; duljina i otpadne vode
• Keywords (english): retting; pectin; strength; fineness; length and wastewater
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:201:505904
• Study programme: Title: Textile Technology and Engineering; specializations in: Clothing Engineering, Textile Design and Management, Industrial Textile and Clothing Design, Textile Chemistry, Materials and Ecology, Textile Chemistry, Materials and Ecology; Course: Textile Chemistry; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka tekstilne tehnologije i inženjerstva (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka tekstilne tehnologije i inženjerstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Closed access
• Created on: 2022-02-23 13:04:22